Written By: Altamash Khan
The right to life is a fundamental human right, recognized by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and is essential for the well-being of individuals and communities. However, in the context of the polluted national capital, the right to life is increasingly under threat. The severe air pollution and poor living conditions in the capital city not only endanger the health and safety of its residents but also hinder their ability to lead a dignified life. The national capital of many countries is often the hub of economic and political activities, attracting millions of people from diverse backgrounds. While this urbanization brings opportunities, it also poses significant challenges. In recent years, air pollution in the national capital has reached alarming levels. High concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and pollutants like nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) have become a regular part of the air residents breathe. This drastic increase in air pollution levels is a grave concern for the right to life.
Delhi, India’s capital and one of the world’s most populous cities, has been grappling with a severe pollution problem for years. The city’s poor air quality has become a topic of national and international concern, as it poses a significant threat to public health, the environment, and the overall quality of life for its residents. The region’s air quality has consistently ranked among the worst in the world, and this environmental issue is increasingly threatening the well-being of its residents.
Delhi’s pollution woes are primarily attributed to a combination of factors, including vehicular emissions, industrial activities, construction dust, and agricultural burning in neighbouring states. The city’s geographical location, with its relatively low wind speed during winter months, exacerbates the issue by trapping pollutants in the atmosphere. This results in the notorious winter smog that blankets the city, reducing visibility and making breathing hazardous.
The health implications of Delhi’s pollution crisis are alarming. Residents, particularly children and the elderly are at an increased risk of developing respiratory illnesses such as asthma and bronchitis. Studies have shown a direct link between the city’s air quality and premature mortality. The long-term health effects and the economic burden of treating pollution-related diseases are staggering.
Beyond health concerns, pollution in Delhi also has a significant economic impact. Reduced worker productivity due to sick days and healthcare costs escalate, putting a strain on individuals and businesses. Tourism, an essential part of Delhi’s economy, is affected as visitors may be deterred by the hazardous air quality. Long-term investments in the city are also at risk.
Delhi’s pollution problem doesn’t only affect human health but also damages the environment. The city’s green spaces, already limited, are under threat as the air quality hinders plant growth. Water bodies and soil quality are also impacted by the pollutants. The lack of clean air and green spaces undermines the city’s overall livability.
The Delhi government, along with the central government, has taken steps to combat the pollution crisis. Measures like the odd-even traffic rule, restrictions on industrial emissions, and the promotion of electric vehicles have been implemented. However, the effectiveness of these measures remains a subject of debate. The complexity of the issue, which involves multiple stakeholders and inter-state coordination, makes it challenging to achieve significant improvements.
While government action is crucial, individual responsibility plays a pivotal role in addressing the pollution problem. Residents can contribute by using public transport, carpooling, and supporting eco-friendly initiatives. Reducing personal vehicle usage and adopting cleaner energy sources can have a positive impact.